According to Brisbane Emergency dentists, Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, is a serious dental health problem affecting millions worldwide. The primary cause of gum disease is plaque buildup on the teeth and gums. Plaque is a sticky film of bacteria that forms on the teeth and gums. Plaque buildup can be the reason behind several oral problems, including tooth decay, bad breath, and even gum disease.
If plaque accumulates on the tooth surfaces, it can irritate the gums, causing them to become red, swollen, and bleed when brushed or flossed. If plaque is not removed, it can harden into tartar, leading to gum disease. Over time, the condition may lead to gum recession, bone loss, and in severe cases, tooth loss. If left untreated, gum disease may lead to severe health conditions, including an increased risk of heart disease and other systemic diseases.
The disease-causing bacteria in the plaque can attack the connective tissue and surrounding bone that supports the teeth, causing periodontal pockets to form. These pockets can become infected, leading to further inflammation and damage to the bone surrounding the tooth root. This can cause the bone to recede, leading to loose and unstable teeth. The bacterial plaque can also produce toxins that can dissolve the tooth enamel and cause damage to the surrounding tissues, leading to further disease progression.
Other factors that can contribute to the development of periodontal disease include:
- Smoking
- Hormonal changes (due to pregnancy or using contraceptives)
- Certain medical conditions (such as high blood sugar levels)
- Genetics
- Certain medications
- Stress can weaken the body’s immune system and make it more susceptible to gum disease.
